Showing posts with label food production. Show all posts
Showing posts with label food production. Show all posts

Thursday, June 17, 2010

Hooked On Fish - Part 4

You Have Been Conned - This Is Not Really About Fish! 

     Australia has been run on the basis of a "Dotocracy" since its earliest beginnings.  To some extent, it has been a good thing in that we have developed quaint differences between the States which, overall, has fostered a healthy competitiveness.  Where would we be without the Sheffield Shield cricket or State of Origin Rugby League?

     There have been occasions, however, when the Dotocracy fought against us.  

     Some readers may recall the stoush in the early 1900's over the site for a National Capital which resulted in a land-locked island in the middle of NSW, now known as Canberra (not a criticism - I live there and love it).  At the time of formation, and for many years after, Canberra was a hard place to get to, a hard place to live in, a hard place to communicate with and, therefore, hard to do business in.

     Readers may also recall the railway gauge issue that dogged rail travel in this country for most of the 20th century.  This was an excellent example of Dotocracy working at its best.  NSW decided on a gauge of 1435mm; Victoria and South Australia 1600mm; Tasmania, Queensland, Western Australia (with parts of South Australia) 1067mm.  By 1917, a person wishing to travel from Perth to Brisbane was required to change trains six times (an interesting read is A History of Rail in Australia).

     So, let's get back to the topic and think about joining some dots.

     In Hooked On Fish, Parts 1-3, we explored some of the issues around Australian aquaculture, particularly land based aquaculture.  We coined the phrase "Dotocracy" to demonstrate that, regardless of the amount of good work being done, efforts were fragmented.  The dots were not being joined and, as a consequence, opportunities were being missed.

     However, the issue goes far beyond the development of aquaculture, for its own sake.  We live in a country whose greatest natural resource is land.  We sent and encouraged people, from the earliest times, to explore and exploit this resource.  They did so with enthusiasm and developed agricultural enterprises, built regional cities, towns and villages.  They established forms of communication, appropriate to the technology of the day.  They tapped into resources such as water and timber.  They discovered and exploited the mineral wealth which continues to underwrite our ongoing economic prosperity.  They fought the disasters - fire, flood, dust and drought -  that confronted them on a regular basis.  They hung on and survived, often times by their fingernails, because they had to and because they had learned to love their place in the world.  

     In return, we sometimes sent a visiting Prime Minister or Premier; we handed out a few grants and prepared reports; we built a few arterial roads and we turned a promising rail network into a nostalgic anachronistic member of the "what might have been" club.  We encouraged them to tap into the rivers, the streams and the underground water basins and to plant and grow, plant and grow, plant and grow!  And now that the water is not what it used to be, now that rural enterprises use a fraction of the staff they used to, now that these towns and villages and lifestyles that we read about in "Henry Lawson" and "Banjo Patterson" are fading, our answer is to tell them they must stop using the water, they must pull out their orchards, they must stop milking their cows and "maybe you shouldn't be there!"  Meanwhile, the rest of us, the great majority who have the majority of votes, cling like limpets on a rock to the comfort and connivance of the big cities on the coast!

     Of course, its not all doom and gloom.  We just have to learn to join the dots, and that brings us back to fish, kind of!

     In the early 1970's, the Commonwealth Government of the day implimented a policy of "Regional Growth Centres".  The policy identified focus points such as Bathurst/Orange (NSW) and Albury/Wodonga (NSW/Victoria).   To an extent, there has been some long term success with this concept, although handicapped with dubious communications through a lack of rail, road and telecommunication infrastructure for the first 2-3 decades.  At no time since this policy was introduced has anything other than lip service been paid to the notion that the concept could be developed as a deliberate and aggressive strategy to ease the pressure on big city expansion, at the same time as rejuvenating our rural and regional communities.  Like the question of aquaculture, lots of dots but no lines to join them.

     The forecasts for population growth indicate that, without a policy shift, that growth will occur in our major coastal cities.  This need not be a threat.  It is, in fact, an opportunity to drive the decentralisation agenda in a much more aggressive and targeted manner.  Of course, the "no growth" brigade have been out in force on this topic. In truth, the "no growth" brigade have no argument.  If you don't grow you die.  Its that simple.  We have to learn to cope and deal with an ever increasing world population, to which we in Australia will contribute a tiny portion.

     The forecasts for climate change and its consequences for agricultural production generally indicate a long term shift is required in the manner we approach traditional agriculture and food production.  The preceding fishy tales provide an illustration of how significant intensive and integrated food production enterprises can be developed, using a fraction of the water compared with traditional methods, impacting on much smaller areas of land and potentially offering many more employment opportunities.

     This series of articles is really about the development and implementation of good policy, with particular emphasis on encouraging the survival of regional Australia.  If sound policy is developed, fully recognising the connectivity between cities, country towns, transport, communication, food production, good health, lifestyle, employment, water availability and consumption, etc, then we might just start to join the dots and escape from the clutches of Dotocracy.
     Perhaps, after all, it could start with a good feed of fish!





Wednesday, June 16, 2010

Hooked On Fish - Part 3

Joining the Dots - or Towards The End of Dotocracy. 

     Australian Aquaculture can best be described as an exciting industry, with a great deal of effort being applied to a wide variety of enterprises and potential enterprises, but without a central strategy to guide its development.  It is like a child's dot drawing - a large number of dots, perhaps a vague impression of what it might look like, but no real effort to join the dots.  Perhaps, because of the large involvement of state and commonwealth governments preparing their own concepts and "protect-our-patch" strategies, it might be called a "Dotocracy".       

     Let's look at just some of the dots forming our Dotocracy:

  • the Commonwealth Department of Agriculture Fisheries & Forestry (DAFF) has developed their "Best practice framework of regulatory arrangements for aquaculture in Australia". The introduction to this "framework" commences with the following statement "The Aquaculture Industry Action Agenda (AIAA) is a strategic framework between industry and the Australian Government to assist the Australian aquaculture industry achieve its vision of $2.5 billion in sales by 2010. The AIAA contains a set of ten strategic initiatives to work towards this goal. Strategic Initiative 2 is the promotion of a regulatory and business environment that supports aquaculture. This is supported by a National Aquaculture Policy Statement which was developed and agreed to by all States, Territories and the Commonwealth Government in 2003.  Around the same time that implementation of the AIAA commenced, the Productivity Commission initiated a research paper titled 'Assessing Environmental Regulatory Arrangements for Aquaculture'. The purpose of the Commission Research Paper was to assess the planning and environmental regulatory arrangements covering marine and land-based aquaculture production in Australia.".......and so on.  You, perhaps, start to get the idea (wonder how the $2.5 billion/2010 thing is going).  But wait, there's more!






  • and, of course, don't forget the National Aquaculture Council and its Strategy, mentioned in Part 1.

     So, there we have it, folks.  The above is just a small sample of what is out there in aquaculture land.  Over the last decade, or so, there has been a large amount of work done, lots of fine words and good intentions, some progress, but not nearly enough!  Most of that progress has been the result of the hard work and risk taken by private entrepreneurs, notwithstanding the growing Dotocracy surrounding them.  Companies large and small, such as Cell AquacultureClean Seas TunaHuon Aquaculture and Taylor Made Fish Farms, (whom I must thank for the photographs) to name just a few, have carried the torch.  

     Why is all this important?  Feeding ourselves and others, reducing imports and protecting marine natural resources are just part of it.  There is much more!  But none of it will happen if we don't first join the dots.

                                  


Next.......Part 4.....and finis..

                

Tuesday, June 15, 2010

Hooked On Fish - Part 2

We Can Do This!  


     In Hooked On Fish - Part 1, attention was drawn to the decline of the Australian total fishery and the failure to replace production from a stabilising marine fishery with production from an aggressive aquaculture fishery.  Part of the reason for that situation is most likely due to a combination of heavy population pressure on Australia's east coast and the creation of marine parks or reserves over many parts of the coastline.  These factors have, perhaps paradoxically, limited the available space for marine aquaculture enterprises.


     This is not to say, however, that marine aquaculture is a dead duck.  Not at all.  There is a significant amount of work being done in most state jurisdictions to both maintain and develop tthe marine aquaculture fishery.  This is particularly evident in Tasmania and South Australia.  Notwithstanding this important work, let's take a look at the prospects for land based aquaculture.


     Many of you may be aware of the plight of rural communities around Australia (of course, this is not a uniquely Australian problem).  You will also be aware of the growing plight of less well off countries where food resources are scarce and feeding the population challenging.  There are many similarities between such countries and our own rural communities in that they suffer from shortages of water, difficulties with communications, challenges to accessing markets, extremes of weather and struggling traditional rural enterprises.  So, in this Part 2, let's explore some of the possibilities.  Sit back and watch.......







Set you thinking?  We can do this!

Next - Part 3 - Joining the Dots - or Towards The End of Dotocracy.